Technisch Glossary
Your comprehensive guide to battery and drone terminology. Clear explanations of technical terms to help you understand our industry better.
Battery Industry Terms
Essential battery terminology to understand power systems and energy storage technology.
Basic Battery Concepts
Batterie
A device that stores chemical energy and converts it to electrical energy to power devices.
Cell
The basic unit of a battery that contains positive and negative electrodes and electrolyte.
Stromspannung (V)
The electrical pressure that pushes current through a circuit, measured in volts.
Aktuell (A)
The flow of electrical charge through a circuit, measured in amperes or amps.
Kapazität (mAh/Ah)
The amount of electrical energy a battery can store, measured in milliamp-hours or amp-hours.
Energiedichte (Wh/kg)
The amount of energy stored per unit weight, measured in watt-hours per kilogram.
Power Density (W/kg)
The amount of power delivered per unit weight, measured in watts per kilogram.
Ladezustand (SOC)
The current charge level of a battery expressed as a percentage of its full capacity.
Entladungstiefe (DOD)
The percentage of battery capacity that has been discharged relative to the total capacity.
Zyklusleben
The number of complete charge-discharge cycles a battery can perform before its capacity significantly degrades.
Battery Chemistry
Lithium-Ionen (Li-Ion)
A rechargeable battery type that uses lithium ions moving between electrodes during charging and discharging.
Lithium-Polymer (LiPo)
A type of lithium battery that uses a polymer electrolyte instead of liquid, making it lighter and more flexible.
Semi-Solid-State-Batterie
An advanced battery technology that combines liquid and solid electrolytes for higher energy density and safety.
Cathode
The positive electrode of a battery where reduction reactions occur during discharge.
Anode
The negative electrode of a battery where oxidation reactions occur during discharge.
Electrolyte
The chemical medium that allows ions to move between the cathode and anode in a battery.
Separator
A porous membrane that prevents direct contact between cathode and anode while allowing ion flow.
NMC (Nickel Manganese Cobalt)
A popular lithium-ion battery chemistry that balances energy density, Leistung, und Sicherheit.
LFP (Lithium Iron Phosphate)
A lithium battery chemistry known for excellent safety and long cycle life.
Thermal Runaway
A dangerous condition where a battery generates heat faster than it can dissipate, potentially causing fire.
Performance & Charging
C-Rate
A measure of the rate at which a battery is charged or discharged relative to its capacity. 1C means full capacity in 1 Stunde.
Entladungsrate
How quickly a battery releases its stored energy, typically expressed as a C-rate.
Continuous Discharge
The maximum current a battery can safely provide continuously without damage.
Impulsentladung
The maximum current a battery can provide for short bursts, typically 10-30 Sekunden.
Interner Widerstand
The opposition to current flow within a battery, affecting efficiency and heat generation.
Schnelles Aufladen
Charging a battery at rates higher than 1C to reduce charging time.
Trickle Charge
A slow charging rate used to maintain a battery at full charge without overcharging.
Memory Effect
A phenomenon where batteries gradually lose maximum energy capacity if repeatedly recharged after partial discharge.
Self-Discharge
The gradual loss of charge in a battery when not in use, due to internal chemical reactions.
Capacity Fade
The gradual reduction in battery capacity over time due to aging and repeated use.
Battery Configuration
Reihenschaltung
Connecting batteries end-to-end to increase total voltage while keeping the same capacity.
Parallelschaltung
Connecting batteries side-by-side to increase total capacity while keeping the same voltage.
1S, 2S, 3S-Konfiguration
Notation indicating the number of cells connected in series. 3S means 3 cells in series.
Akku
Multiple battery cells connected together in series, parallel, or both to meet specific voltage and capacity requirements.
Cell Balancing
The process of equalizing the charge levels of individual cells in a battery pack.
BMS (Batteriemanagementsystem)
Electronic system that monitors and manages battery performance, Sicherheit, and charging.
Protection Circuit
Electronic circuit that prevents overcharging, over-discharging, and overcurrent conditions.
Steckertyp
The physical interface used to connect the battery to devices, such as XT60, JST, or Anderson connectors.
Balance Connector
A multi-pin connector that allows individual monitoring and balancing of each cell in a battery pack.
Wire Gauge (AWG)
A standardized system for measuring wire thickness, with lower numbers indicating thicker wires.
Safety & Testing
Überladeschutz
Safety feature that prevents a battery from being charged beyond its safe voltage limit.
Over-discharge Protection
Safety feature that prevents a battery from being discharged below its safe voltage limit.
Short Circuit Protection
Safety mechanism that cuts off current flow when a short circuit is detected.
UN38.3
International safety standard for shipping lithium batteries, ensuring they meet transport safety requirements.
Sicherheitsdatenblatt (Datenblatt zur Materialsicherheit)
Document containing safety information about battery materials and proper handling procedures.
Nagelpenetrationstest
Safety test where a nail is driven through a battery to simulate internal short circuit conditions.
Falltest
Safety test that evaluates battery integrity after being dropped from various heights.
Vibration Test
Test that simulates transportation and operational vibrations to ensure battery durability.
Temperature Cycling
Test that exposes batteries to alternating high and low temperatures to evaluate performance.
Humidity Test
Test that evaluates battery performance and safety under high humidity conditions.
Manufacturing & Quality
OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer)
A company that manufactures products that are sold by another company under their brand name.
ODM (Original Design Manufacturer)
A company that designs and manufactures products based on buyer specifications.
ISO 9001
International quality management standard that ensures consistent product quality and customer satisfaction.
Qualitätskontrolle (QC)
Process of testing and inspecting products to ensure they meet specified quality standards.
Lead Time
The time required from placing an order to receiving the finished product.
Minimum Order Quantity (Mindestbestellmenge)
The smallest quantity of products that a manufacturer is willing to produce in a single order.
Prototype
An early sample or model of a product built to test and validate design concepts.
Massenproduktion
Large-scale manufacturing of products using standardized processes and equipment.
Anpassung
Modifying standard products to meet specific customer requirements and specifications.
Supply Chain
The network of suppliers, manufacturers, and distributors involved in producing and delivering products.
Drohnenindustrie Terms
Key drone terminology to understand unmanned aircraft systems and aerial technology.
Basic Drone Concepts
Drohne
An unmanned aircraft that can be controlled remotely or fly autonomously using pre-programmed flight plans.
UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)
The technical term for drones, referring to aircraft that operate without a human pilot on board.
UAS (Unmanned Aircraft System)
The complete system including the drone, ground control station, and communication links.
Quadcopter
A drone with four rotors arranged in a square configuration, the most common type of consumer drone.
Multirotor
A drone with multiple rotors (typically 3-8) that provide lift and control through variable rotor speeds.
Starrflügel
A drone that looks like a traditional airplane with wings that generate lift as it moves forward.
VTOL (Vertical Take-Off and Landing)
Aircraft that can take off and land vertically, combining features of helicopters and airplanes.
Flight Controller
The main computer that controls the drone's flight by processing sensor data and pilot commands.
Remote Controller
The handheld device used by the pilot to control the drone's movement and functions.
Payload
The additional equipment a drone carries, such as cameras, Sensoren, or delivery items.
Flight Performance
Flugzeit
The duration a drone can stay airborne on a single battery charge, typically measured in minutes.
Range
The maximum distance a drone can fly from its controller while maintaining communication.
Altitude
The height above ground level at which the drone is flying, often limited by regulations.
Maximum Speed
The fastest speed a drone can achieve, usually different for horizontal and vertical movement.
Hover Accuracy
How precisely a drone can maintain its position while hovering in one spot.
Wind Resistance
The maximum wind speed in which a drone can fly safely and maintain control.
Endurance
The total time a drone can operate continuously, including flight and standby time.
Service Ceiling
The maximum altitude at which a drone can effectively operate.
Climb Rate
How quickly a drone can gain altitude, measured in meters or feet per second.
Agility
A drone's ability to change direction quickly and perform complex maneuvers.
Navigation & Control
GPS (Globales Positionierungssystem)
Satellite navigation system that provides location and time information for precise drone positioning.
IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit)
Sensor combination that measures acceleration, rotation, and magnetic field to determine orientation.
Gyroscope
Sensor that measures rotational movement and helps maintain drone stability.
Accelerometer
Sensor that measures acceleration forces and helps determine the drone's orientation.
Compass/Magnetometer
Sensor that detects magnetic fields to determine the drone's heading direction.
Barometer
Sensor that measures air pressure to determine altitude and help maintain stable flight height.
Wegpunktnavigation
Autonomous flight mode where the drone follows a pre-planned route between specific GPS coordinates.
Return to Home (RTH)
Safety feature that automatically flies the drone back to its takeoff point when triggered.
Geofencing
Virtual boundaries that prevent the drone from flying into restricted areas.
Failsafe
Automatic safety procedures activated when the drone loses connection or encounters problems.
Camera & Imaging
Gimbal
A stabilizing platform that keeps the camera steady and allows for smooth movement during flight.
FPV (First Person View)
Real-time video transmission that allows the pilot to see what the drone's camera sees.
HD/4K Video
High-definition video recording capabilities, with 4K being four times the resolution of standard HD.
Frame Rate (FPS)
The number of individual frames captured per second in video recording, affecting smoothness.
Field of View (FOV)
The extent of the observable area that can be seen through the camera at any given moment.
Image Stabilization
Technology that reduces blur and shake in photos and videos caused by drone movement.
Luftaufnahmen
Taking photographs from an elevated position using a drone-mounted camera.
Aerial Videography
Recording video footage from the air using drone-mounted cameras for cinematic purposes.
Live Streaming
Broadcasting real-time video from the drone's camera to online platforms or devices.
Thermal Imaging
Camera technology that detects heat signatures and creates images based on temperature differences.
Drohnenanwendungen
Aerial Surveying
Using drones to map and measure land areas for construction, Landwirtschaft, and environmental monitoring.
Precision Agriculture
Using drones for crop monitoring, spraying pesticides, and optimizing farming practices.
Search and Rescue
Using drones to locate missing persons and assess emergency situations from the air.
Infrastructure Inspection
Using drones to inspect bridges, power lines, Gebäude, and other structures safely.
Package Delivery
Using drones to transport goods and packages from one location to another autonomously.
Environmental Monitoring
Using drones to track wildlife, monitor air quality, and study environmental changes.
Real Estate Photography
Using drones to capture aerial photos and videos of properties for marketing purposes.
Drone Racing
Competitive sport where pilots race small, fast drones through obstacle courses using FPV systems.
Law Enforcement
Using drones for surveillance, crowd monitoring, and crime scene investigation.
Disaster Response
Using drones to assess damage, deliver supplies, and coordinate relief efforts after natural disasters.
Technische Spezifikationen
Rotor Diameter
The diameter of the propeller blades, which affects the drone's lifting capacity and efficiency.
Motor Type
The type of motor used to spin the propellers, typically brushless motors for better efficiency.
ESC (Elektronischer Geschwindigkeitsregler)
Electronic device that controls the speed and direction of the drone's motors.
Frame Material
The material used to build the drone's structure, such as carbon fiber, aluminum, or plastic.
Weight Class
Classification of drones based on their weight, affecting registration requirements and flight rules.
Power Consumption
The amount of electrical power the drone uses during operation, affecting flight time.
Communication Protocol
The method used for data transmission between the drone and controller, such as Wi-Fi or radio frequency.
Operating Temperature
The temperature range in which the drone can safely operate without performance issues.
IP Rating
Rating system that indicates the drone's resistance to dust and water ingress.
Modular Design
Drone architecture that allows components to be easily replaced or upgraded.
Regulations & Safety
FAA (Federal Aviation Administration)
U.S. government agency that regulates drone operations and airspace usage.
Part 107
FAA regulations governing commercial drone operations in the United States.
Remote Pilot License
Certification required to operate drones commercially, obtained by passing an FAA knowledge test.
No-Fly Zone
Areas where drone flight is prohibited, wie zum Beispiel Flughäfen, military bases, and national parks.
VLOS (Visual Line of Sight)
Requirement that drone pilots maintain visual contact with their aircraft during flight.
BVLOS (Beyond Visual Line of Sight)
Operations where the drone flies beyond the pilot's direct visual range, requiring special authorization.
Drone Registration
Legal requirement to register drones with aviation authorities before operation.
Airspace Classification
System that categorizes airspace based on air traffic control requirements and restrictions.
Privacy Laws
Legal regulations protecting individuals' privacy rights from drone surveillance and recording.
Insurance Coverage
Protection against liability and property damage that may result from drone operations.
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